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Sunday, February 27, 2011

Japan Cute Risako Sugaya

     Japan Cute Risako Sugaya


    • Real Name: Sugaya Risako (菅谷梨沙子)
    • Nickname: Rii, Risako, Sugu-san, Rii-chan
    • Birth Date: April 04, 1994
    • Birthplace: Kanagawa, Japan
    • Blood Type: A
    • Height: 160.2cm (5'3.10")
    • Hobby: Drawing, making small things
    • Habit: Clutching the remote control while watching TV
    • Strong point: Being bright and cheerful
    • Weak point: Not cleaning up afterwards
    • Favorite color: Pink, light blue, white
    • Favorite flower: Lavender, rose, hibiscus
    • Favorite season: Spring, summer, fall, winter
    • Favorite word: "Arigatou" (thanks)
    • Favorite song: "Namida no Umi de Dakaretai ~SEA OF LOVE~" (Southern All Stars)
    • Favorite book: "Inagawa Junji no Kowai Hanashi," "Crayon Oukoku"
    • Favorite movie: Disney movies
    • Favorite food: Curry, steak, mabo tofu
    • Least favorite food: Avocado, scallops, sazae
    • Scared of: Big dogs
    • Disliked thing/thing to do: Big dogs, rides
    • Charm point: Eyes 

    Risako in Child






     
    Risako Sugaya & Miyabi Natsuyaki
    Source URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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Japan Sweet Idol Leah Dizon

saling sapa

Lirik lagu Dewi Gita

    Lirik lagu Dewi Gita Tirai

    Kita telah bersama
    Sekian lama dalam kisah cinta
    Namun tiada jua
    Rasa saling itu seia sekata

    Selayaknya kau coba
    Menyibakkan tirai kasih kita
    Begitu jauh kurengkuh kasihmu
    Di seberang jalanku

    Lelah… Lelah hati ini
    Menggapai hatimu tak jua menyatu
    Lelah… Lelah hati ini
    Bagaimana kelak ku akan melangkah
    Di sisimu…

    Selayaknya kau coba
    Menyibakkan tirai kasih kita
    Begitu jauh kurengkuh kasihmu
    Di seberang jalanku

    Lelah… Lelah hati ini
    Menggapai hatimu tak jua menyatu
    Lelah… Lelah hati ini
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    Di sisimu…

    Lelah… Lelah hati ini
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    Lelah… Lelah hati ini
    Bagaimana kelak ku akan melangkah
    Di sisimu…

    gudanglagu.com Free Download Lagu Dewi Gita Tirai MP3 Lirik 4shared Gratis Chord Video AlbumSource URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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Thursday, February 24, 2011

TIRAI PINTU MAGNETIC


    DOOR MAGNETIC

    SELAMAT DATANG DI "TIRAI PINTU"

    Kesulitan nyamuk dimusim panas ????, Karna itu kami membuat Tirai pintu magnetis pencegah nyamuk. Ini adalah salah satu produk yang paling sehat untuk hidup anda. dengan mengunakan tirai pintu ini anda tidak harus kehilangan udara segar dan kegelapan karna menutup pintu untuk menghindari nyamuk masuk kedalamnya.

    Terbuat dari kain polyester dan pola yang anggun,bermacan2 corak dan gambar yang menarik, serta 2 batang magnet sehingga tirai dapat dibuka dan tertutup dengan otomatis

    PRICE :
    - FOR ALL ITEM Rp. 75,000.- / Pcs
    - FOR GROSIR Rp. 650,000,-/ Lsn
    • Diantar sejabotabek
    Tersedia 2 ukuran pintu utk semua jenis tirai :
    1. Lebar 90 cm X Tinggi 210 cm
    2. Lebar 100 cm X Tinggi 215 cm
    Contact person : Annie
    HP : 087 885 392 881
    Email. : aney.jonathan@yahoo.com
    ALAMAT : Jl.Cadas, Perum Graha Batavia ,Taman Nuri Blok
    NB.1 No. 21 - Pasar Kemis - Tangerang
    tiraipintu.blogsport.com

    Manfaat mengunakan tirai pintu magnetic

    Tirai Pintu ini sangat cocok untuk dimiliki didaerah tropis terutama di Indonesia. Karena nyamuk berkembang biak dengan baik dan cepat di daerah tropis… terutama pada malam hari... nyamuk biasanya berkeliaran disekitar tempat tidur dan ruangan yang gelap..berbagai cara kita lakukan untuk menghindari serangga ini karna salah satu sengatannya dapat mengakibatkan penyakit atau bahkan kematian. … nyamuk adalah serangga belahan rendah yang dapat menbawa penyakit mematikan yaitu malaria…yang dengan mudah membunuh ratusan hingga ribuan orang.

    Karena itulah muncul ide kreatif dengan menciptakan tirai pintu ini..tirai ini dapat menberikan pelindungan dari serangga terutama nyamuk.

    Tirai Pintu ini cukup Fungsional bukan hanya dirancang untuk mencegah serangga namun juga dapat menambah sedikit keindahan ruangan rumah anda.. tirai ini juga cocok untuk type ruangan / rumah minimalis.. tidak akan terkesan kono, karna tirai ini hadir dengan motif – motif yang anggun, elegan juga dilengkapin dengan warna – warna yang menarik..,tersedia juga motif untuk anak – anak seperti Tweety, domba, mickey mouse dan hello kitty..bagi yang tidak suka dengan motif yang penuh/ ramai.. kami juga hadir kan motif yang simple…seperti salur.

    Tirai pintu dapat menberikan privasi minimum karna adanya corak dan motif yang terdapat di tirai sehingga tidak terlihat transparan dari luar...jadi jangan khawatir.. jika anda takut terlihat dari luar..

    Dimana Apakah Tirai Pintu ini Digunakan ???

    Tirai pintu ini dipasangkan dipintu kamar anda, atau ruangan lainnya pemasangannya sangat mudah cukup dengan paku payung..sisi- sisi tirai dipakukan pada kusen – kusen pintu .. tirai pintu ini dilengkapi dengan magnet.. yang dapat menbuat tirai dengan otomatis menutup sendiri..sangat flexsibel.

    Tirai ini terbuat dari kain Polyester sejenis kain kelambu..namun tirai ini lebih tebal bahannya dari kelambu.dan jaring- jarring jalanya lebih kecil dan halus.dari kelambu..jadi lebih baik dari pada mengunakan kelambu..juga dapat memberikan cahaya alami dan udara segar mengalir kedalam ruangan…

    Karna terbuat dari bahan kain.. tirai ini dapat dicuci.. mudah dicucinya cukup direndam saja .. dan dikucek sedikit..bilas lalu jemur… karna itu disarankan dipaku dengan paku payung agar mudah dilepaskan saat mau dicuci…
    Source URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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insurance market trends 2011


    Introduction to the Insurance Industry


    Insurance and risk management make up an immense global industry. According to a survey conducted by a leading global insurance firm, Swiss Re, worldwide insurance premiums totaled $4.06 trillion in 2009 (the latest data available), down from $4.27 trillion in 2008. This was equal to 6.98% of global GDP. Global life insurance premiums were $2.33 trillion during 2009, while all other types of insurance totaled $1.73 trillion.

    In America alone, the insurance business employed about 2.24 million people in 2009, and gross insurance premiums totaled $1.34 trillion. More than 4,000 companies underwrite insurance in America, but the industry is dominated by a handful of major players.

    Total insurance premium volume for 2009 was $1.61 trillion in Europe; $989.4 billion in Asia; $110.9 billion in Latin America and the Caribbean; $28.5 billion in the Middle East and Central Asia; and $54.7 billion in Africa. Again, these figures are from Swiss Re (www.swissre.com/sigma/ ).

    Premiums on a per capita basis remain very low in much of the world, pointing to excellent long-term opportunity for expansion of sales of insurance products of all types, including annuities. While it will take many years for underdeveloped nations to begin spending significant amounts on insurance products, much of the world is still clearly a fertile field for expansion of companies that are willing and able to invest time and money in emerging markets.

    Per capita premiums worldwide were $646 in 2008, compared to $2,990 in North America. More than 87% of that year’s premiums were earned in industrialized nations, leaving a bit more than 12% earned in emerging markets.

    read more : http://www.plunkettresearch.com/insurance%20risk%20management%20market%20research/industry%20overview


    American Health Insurance Market Trends

    read more: http://www.onlinemarketing-trends.com/2011/01/american-health-insurance-market-trends.html


    40 Insurance Trends for 2011 by Claude Penland, Actuary

    1. 40 Insurance Trends for 2011 By Claude Penland, Associate of the Casualty Actuarial Society www.InsTrends.com
    2. One
      • 40. Bermuda market may be getting crowded , though Flagstone Re’s Chief Executive Officer said to not count Bermuda out .
      • 39. Worldwide Takaful (Islamic insurance) market is growing fast .
      • 38. Microinsurance market has promise in developing countries, though it may take an enormous effort .
    3. Two
      • 37. The values of commercial-backed securities on insurance companies’ balance sheets may need to be marked down .
      • 36. Consider these ten emerging risks for insurance and reinsurance companies. Reflect on the World Economic Forum’s list , as well as Lloyd’s .
    4. Three
      • 35. Look out for insurance brokers with guns on the high seas.
      • 34. Actuarial jobs are the #3 career, according to CareerCast.
      • 33. High-risk health insurance pools are only attracting two percent of expected consumers.
      • 32. There will be a number of insurance technology challenges , including cloud computing and mobile applications.
    5. Four
      • 31. Obesity costs $300 billion per year , according to the Society of Actuaries.
      • 30. What is the future of insurance regulation? Actuaries consider that question .
      • 29. Alternative pharmacy networks are emerging , according to Milliman.
      • 28. The annual calls for the National Flood Insurance Program to be privatized have begun.
    6. Five
      • 27. Beijing, China automobile traffic is among the worst in the world. Microsoft Research Asia is studying how cabbies get around for better ideas about efficient driving .
      • 26. MileMeter’s pay-as-you-drive metered car insurance is growing in popularity .
    read more : http://www.slideshare.net/CasualtyActuary/40-insurance-trends-for-2011


    Insurance Market Trends

    Market trends reports covering Insurance typically contain market size, market volume, industry trends, competitor analysis, company profiles and market forecasts. These Insurance market trends reports typically provide detailed analysis of the size and growth of the Insurance market. Please view the table of contents for each report title to understand the specific contents for each report.

    read more : http://www.companiesandmarkets.com/market-trends/insurance+market+trends.aspx


    copper price trend forecast 2011

    copper price trend forecast 2011 : Gold for February contract was recently at lower levels not seen in a few months. The outlook for gold bullion and safe haven assets is still optimistic today and final results support this thinking.

    Generally negative interest rate environment will continue to enforce a safe haven appeal throughout 2011. Gold for February contract was trending negatively at the halfway point of the trading session today, but a rally.

    Copper 2011 Price Outlook
     

    According to Goldman Sachs, investors can expect 2011 to be another year of rapid price gains for the red metal. On Monday, the investment powerhouse released their projections for the copper market in 2011. They expect accelerating demand and shrinking stockpiles to buoy the metal above $11,000 per tonne. “We maintain our 12-month ahead copper price forecast of $11,000/mt and believe that prices could spike substantially above these levels, most likely in late 2011,” Goldman added.Read More...

    Price forecast for 2011.
     

    The price of the copper futures (HG) is currently staying close to the historic high ($4.26), which is a stimulus to perform constant monitoring of the situation. The November up-bar with wide spread and high volume (max volume over the last 7 years) suggests that the big-scale players start taking profit. Defining the further trend will become possible as soon as there are mere signs of one of the variants. Read More...

    China smelters, BHP settle 2011 copper prices
     

    SHANGHAI (MarketWatch) -- Chinese smelters have settled 2011 term copper treatment and refining charges with global miner BHP Billiton Ltd. /quotes/comstock/13*!bhp/quotes/nls/bhp (BHP 93.66, +0.27, +0.29%) at $77.0 a metric ton and 7.70 cents a pound, a person with direct knowledge of the situation said Friday. Read More...

    Record copper prices fail to register in ETFs

     

    Copper's surge came on the back of US employment figures released last week that showed manufacturing created 49,000 jobs in January. Copper is widely used in the industry and prices for the metal are highly correlated to the business cycle as well as broad economic conditions.Read More...

    Search Terms

    Copper price Forecast 2011 copper price trend copper price outlook copper price outlook 2011 prediction of silver prices prediction price of silver 2011 prediction silver price 2011 copper price trend forecast silver price trend 2011 copper trend in 2011
    Source URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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India culture 2011


    CULTURE OF INDIA

    The term culture refers to a state of intellectual development or manners. The social and political forces that influence the growth of a human being is defined as culture.

    Indian culture is rich and diverse and as a result unique in its very own way. Our manners, way of communicating with one another, etc are one of the important components of our culture. Even though we have accepted modern means of living, improved our lifestyle, our values and beliefs still remain unchanged. A person can change his way of clothing, way of eating and living but the rich values in a person always remains unchanged because they are deeply rooted within our hearts, mind, body and soul which we receive from our culture.

    Indian culture treats guests as god and serves them and takes care of them as if they are a part and parcel of the family itself. Even though we don’t have anything to eat, the guests are never left hungry and are always looked after by the members of the family. Elders and the respect for elders is a major component in Indian culture. Elders are the driving force for any family and hence the love and respect for elders comes from within and is not artificial. An individual takes blessings from his elders by touching their feet. Elders drill and pass on the Indian culture within us as we grow.

    “Respect one another” is another lesson that is taught from the books of Indian culture. All people are alike and respecting one another is ones duty. In foreign countries the relation between the boss and the employee is like a master and slave and is purely monetary whereas in Indian culture the relation between the boss and the employee is more like homely relations unlike foreign countries.

    Helpful nature is another striking feature in our Indian culture. Right from our early days of childhood we are taught to help one another in need of help and distress. If not monetary then at least in kind or non-monetary ways. Indian culture tells us to multiply and distribute joy and happiness and share sadness and pain. It tells us that by all this we can develop co-operation and better living amongst ourselves and subsequently make this world a better place to live in.

    Even though India is a country of various religions and caste our culture tells us just one thing 'phir bhi dil hai Hindustani '.

    read more : http://www.indianchild.com/culture%20_1.htm

    India - a true reflection

    India is the land of Budha. The worlds largest democracy India, officially called the Republic of India (in the regional languageHindi: भारत गणराज्य Bhārat Ganarājya) )is a country in Asia.

    Dating from the Indus valley civilisation this vast region was discovered by many through sea and land routes with vast empires which was known for its rich wealth of culture and treasures in the past. The name `India’ is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu. The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name `Hindustan’ combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.

    read more : http://www.indianmirror.com/

    Culture Briefing: India

    Your guide to Indian culture and customs

    Available for immediate downloading
    to your computer

    Here's current, in-depth information found in no other single publiction to help you understand the culture, customs, values and beliefs of the Indian people.

    Whether traveling to india, working on a class paper or doing business with the Indians, you'll find Culture Briefing: India an invaluable resource.

    If you're traveling to the country, supplement your travel guide with Culture Briefing: India. It will give you the information you need to help you feel comfortable in what might otherwise be a strange environment. You’ll gain the wisdom necessary to talk intelligently with the Indian people, discussing the life they live, deciphering and interpreting how they think and behave.

    No longer will you run the risk of embarrassment when in conversation with an Indian because you brought up a taboo subject, couldn’t comment on an aspect of local life or knew nothing of the Indian form of government.

    read more : http://www.culturebriefings.com/Pages/pubstore/pscbin.html

    Indian Traditions

    India, in the past, witnessed successive waves of migration from various foreign forces like the Persians, Arabs, British and Turks. Though, with time, all of them retreated, they left behind their indelible mark which is still reflected in the culture and traditions of India. From one state to another, there is so much variation in the language, attire, beliefs and other demographic aspects of the denizens that it is simply mind-boggling.

    However, there are some very prominent features that bind all Indians to the brand 'Hindustani'. These traditions range from the aarti done to welcome the guests to touching the feet of the elders. The cultural traditions of India have been passed on from generation to generation and have become deeply rooted in the Indian way of living. In this section, we have covered the important culture and traditions of India.

    read more : http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-traditions/index.html


    Indian Culture and Customs

    India follows an ancient code of society but is a modern State. The Indian people embrace their culture and respect the dignity of their friends and foes alike. Due to the reason that Indian culture was more amenable in respecting the inherent worth of others, it had the tendency to overlook the so called alien aspects and build a society based on the principles of cooperation rather than competition.

    Because of such culture People from far and wide were attracted to India. India has always welcomed and accommodated people from foreign societies. The very fact that Indian culture could withstand and flourish amidst foreign ideologies both social and religious, speaks volumes for its eclecticism. In a way Indian culture has emphasized some of the fundamental principles of modern day philosophy of human rights from time past which may be evidenced in a declaration made in the Rig Veda:
    Whether one is superior or inferior all are brothers. All the citizens should struggle for the interest of them and should progress collectively.

    A distinctive feature of Indian culture is its thorough understanding of nature, human values and dignity of man, his or her relation with other fellow beings in the universe and with the universe as a whole.
    While travelling in India the travelers should respect the customs and culture of the local people. When trekking you will have a chance to meet and interact with friendly local people. In India, trekking is a fascinating cultural experience and most rewarding. Here are some tips which help you to act and appear respectful when it comes to Indian culture and customs:

    read more : http://www.nepaltravellers.com/Culture_and_Customs.htm


    India Culture

    "Unity in diversity". It is not just another phrase or quotation. But, these words are highly prudent to a country like India that is incredibly rich in culture and heritage. Few quotations or statements cannot describe the pedestal that India holds in the world map because of its colorful and unique culture.

    From the times of Mauryas, Cholas, Mughals till to the period of British Empire, India has always been famous for its traditions and hospitality. The warmth in the relations and euphoria in celebrations make the country stands out distinctively in the clutter. The country's liveliness and generosity attract a number of tourists. The cuisines, festivals, music, literature, and theatre..everything is 'special' in this 'land of gods'.

    Traditional yet Contemporary
    The Indian culture has never been rigid and that's why it's surviving with pride in the modern era. It timely imbibes the qualities of various other cultures and comes out as a contemporary and acceptable tradition. That is what unique about the Indian culture..it moves on with the time. There are certain things about India that are famous worldwide, like:

    Way of Greeting
    "Namaste", for an Indian it's a way common way of greeting outsiders and elders. Both palms placed together and raised below the face not only show the respect for others but it also makes you feel the affection in the greeting. It is for sure that no 'hello' or 'hi' can create that magic.

    Flower Garlands
    Indian people are also famous for welcoming with flower garlands. In the Indian marriages the exchange of garlands between bride and groom is a ritual in itself. People also offer flower garlands to gods and goddesses during their prayers.

    read more : http://www.mapsofindia.com/culture/india-culture.htmlSource URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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Wednesday, February 23, 2011

Shahrukh Khan Don 2 Wallpapers

China Beautiful Model Coulee Nazha

    China Beautiful Model Coulee Nazha

      

    Profile

    Name: Coulee Nazha 古力娜扎
    Date of birth: May 2, 1992
    Place of birth: Urumqi, China
    Height: 172 cm
    Weight: 50 kg
    Measurements: 84 / 60 / 89 cm
    Horoscope: Taurus
    Profession: Model, dancer

    Read more: http://asiangirls88.com/2011/02/china-beautiful-model-coulee-nazha-%E5%8F%A4%E5%8A%9B%E5%A8%9C%E6%89%8E/Source URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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Crystal Liu Yi Fei In Van Cleef & Arpels Jewelry

    Crystal Liu Yi Fei In Van Cleef & Arpels Jewelry


    Van Cleef & Arpels is a French jewellery, watch, and perfume company that was founded in 1896 by Salomon Arpels and Alfred Van Cleef. They opened their first boutique in 1906 at 22 place Vendôme, Paris. Van Cleef & Arpels are renowned for their expertise in precious stones and have won particular acclaim for a groundbreaking gem-setting procedure known as the Mystery Setting. Numerous actresses have also favoured Van Cleef & Arpels jewels.

    Read more: http://asiangirls88.com/2010/08/crystal-liu-yi-fei-in-van-cleef-arpels-jewelry/Source URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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Japan Beautiful Idol Risako Sugaya

    Japan Beautiful Idol Risako Sugaya

     Profile

    Name: Risako Sugaya 菅谷梨沙子
    Nickname: Rii, Risako, Sugu-san, Rii-chan
    Date of birth: April 4, 1994
    Place of birth: Kanagawa, Japan
    Height: 163 cm
    Weight: -
    Measurements:
    Blood type: AB
    Horoscope: Aries
    Profession: Singer ,idol

    Read more: http://asiangirls88.com/2011/02/japan-beautiful-idol-risako-sugaya/Source URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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Japan Sexy Idol Leah Dizon

li bingbing


    li bingbing

    China Beautiful Actress: Li Bing Bing

































    Li Bingbing is a Chinese actress from mainland China. Originally she had no intention of being an actress and enrolled specifically in a high school for prospective school teachers. However upon graduating she became dissatisfied with her career and eventually was persuaded by a friend to join the Shanghai Drama Institute. She has gone on to perform in a variety of film and television roles. Her film debut was in Zhang Yuan's 1999 film Seventeen Years. In August 26th 2007, Li was awarded the best actress Huabiao Award, for her role in the movie The Knot. She collaborated with such stars as Jet Li and Jackie Chan in The Forbidden Kingdom, which was released in April, 2008.

    Profile

    Name: Li Bing Bing 李冰冰
    Also known as: Lee Bing Bing
    Profession: Actress and singer
    Birth date: 1976-Feb-27
    Horoscope: Pisces
    Birthplace: Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
    Height:165cm
    Weight:47kg
    Chinese zodiac:Dragon
    Blood type: A
    Family:Younger sisterSource URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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axiology when applied to education

    axiology when applied to education

    Axiology: A Theory Of Value

    Values - they were sent into the exile of so-called "value-free" education, and have now returned as a prime topic for discussion. At the recent conference sponsored by the Society for Research in Child Development that I attended, the president, Dr. Robert Emde, stated that the "inculcation of values in children" was the most important area for study in the next few years.

    People have realized that value-free education is not only impossible, but, since value-free means that most parents' values are not being taught, it is actually undesirable. So, now the questions are: which values should society uphold and our children learn, and how do children learn such values?

    In Unification Thought, Axiology holds a central position as the foundation for the theories of Education, Art, and Ethics, which deal with how to achieve a truthful, beautiful, and good society, respectively. These theories will be discussed in later articles. The chapter on Axiology begins by defining values, how they are determined, and the standards for values. These points should be helpful in addressing the issues faced by today's society.

    First of all, we must define what is meant by values. According to Unification Thought, "value refers to a quality of an object that satisfies a desire of the subject." (Essentials, p.133). This means that value belongs to the object, but must be recognized by the subject. This is the methodology of Unification Thought: the basic formula is relationship between subject and object, and remember that the object can be either a thing or another human being.

    The second point discussed in the theory of Axiology is the determination of value. As mentioned above, value has two aspects: the essence of value, or "potential value" that is a quality of the object, and the "actual value" or value that is actualized through the relationship between subject and object. Thus, there are requisites for both subject and object in order for value to be actualized.

    The requisites for the object are known as the essence of value. Now the definition of value given above refers to the "desire" of the subject. Desires exist to realize purpose, so value is connected to purpose. The essence of value, then, consists of the purpose of creation of the object, and the harmony between paired elements existing in the object centered on the purpose of creation. For example, the purpose of a flower arrangement is beauty, and the essence of value of a flower arrangement consists of that purpose and how well that purpose is fulfilled through the harmony between its various elements, such as colors, shapes, fragrances, etc.

    The requisites for the subject are a desire to seek value, interest in the object, and a factor known as "subjective action" which provides for individual differences. In the case of a flower arrangement, the subject must desire something beautiful, notice the flower arrangement as a possible object to fulfill that desire, and then appreciate the harmony of colors, etc. within the arrangement. If these conditions are met then the potential value of the flower arrangement becomes actual. On the other hand, if the person is not looking for something beautiful but rather wants transportation to the airport immediately, the most well prepared flower arrangement will remain a source of potential value until another subject comes along.

    Similarly, if the person does not like pink and the flower arrangement has many pink flowers, that flower arrangement will not be judged as valuable. In the latter case, it is subjective action that has caused the potential value not to be realized. Let us look further into this concept. Subjective action consists of the differences between individuals, their tastes, view of life, past experiences, education, etc., the aspects of ourselves that make us unique. In that case, how can there be a common standard for determining values?

    Well, it is clear that there are commonalities within groups - cultural, religious, ethnic, national, etc. - that allow agreement on value judgements. In my family it is often brought home to me that Japanese table manners are different from British manners, as my husband tells me that it is customary in Japan to make noise while eating noodles or drinking soup! The differences between men and women may also be considered factors in subjective action, which leads us to expect that men and women will always have differences in their value judgements. No problem - that's part of what makes marriage exciting!

    So, we have many "relative" standards of value belonging to various groups. But how about an "absolute" standard of value for the whole world? Beyond cultural or group commonalities there are also the commonalities of all human beings. Reverend Moon is fond of saying in his sermons that we all have two eyes, one nose with two nostrils, one head, two hands, etc., so we are all the same! Whether we like it or not, we do all belong to this same species, the human being. So the defining characteristics of our species can be the basis of a common system of values. This cs of our species can be the basis of a common system of values. This does not involve imposing one person's values on another, it simply requires us all to recognize what we have in common, our purpose of creation, if you will.

    This is obviously the most controversial point in the Unification Thought theory of Axiology. As one student in our Unification Thought class asked, is this chapter saying that everyone should join the Unification Church? I believe that it is not saying that at all. What Unification Thought says is that human beings have an essential nature, that which distinguishes us from all other creatures, and the values of human society should be based on that essential human nature. And there is no need to fear a world of boring conformity, subjective action will always provide the excitement of variety. People have been taught that tolerance is more important than values. But tolerance without standards leads only to confusion, as is evident in today's youth. In the Unification Thought approach, commonalities provide standards so that there is no confusion, while individual differences are expressed through subjective action. Sounds like the best of both worlds to me!

    Now, let's look at those commonalities that constitute our essential human nature. Human beings have dual characteristics of Sung Sang and Hyung Sang. Therefore, we have dual desires: Sung Sang desires and Hyung Sang desires. Consequently, there are both Sung Sang values and Hyung Sang values.

    Sung Sang values are the values which correspond to the three faculties of the mind: intellect, emotion, and will. These values are trueness, beauty, and goodness, respectively. Trueness is distinguished from truth, and is the quality of embodying truth, or being true, as in the concept of a "true man" (Essentials, p.431.) Love can also be included as a Sung Sang value, but strictly speaking it is the basis for the values of trueness, beauty, and goodness. Interestingly, since love is the foundation for these values, if the subject loves the object, then the value of that object, whether it be trueness, beauty, or goodness, is enhanced. Indeed, any parent will agree that their child appears to them to be true, beautiful, and good, when looked at through the eyes of love.

    Hyung Sang values are the value of daily necessities, such as food, clothing, shelter, and physical sex, that satisfy the desires of the physical mind. Since physical life is necessary in order to fulfill spiritual desires (I can't recognize the beauty of a sunset if I am starving or freezing to death), Hyung Sang value is a requisite for the realization of Sung Sang value. However, as we know from the Theory of Original Human Nature, Sung Sang desires should be in the subject position in order to fulfill our purpose as true human beings. Thus, in terms of values, the spiritual desire for conjugal love has the satisfaction of the desire for physical sex as a requisite, but the value of physical sex should not be in the subject position.

    I believe that this point in Unification Thought, explaining that there are the two types of values, Sung Sang and Hyung Sang, and the priority of the former over the latter for true human beings, can be a major contribution to the current discussion on values. If we look at society today it is clear that there is great confusion on this point. Perhaps if people understood that it is the Sung Sang aspects that make us human, they would also recognize that we must value Sung Sang values above Hyung Sang values in order to live as human beings. Otherwise, we can never have more than an animal society.

    I have nothing against animals, in fact I spent many years studying them (rats and monkeys in particular), and I have great respect for their intelligence. However, when my daughter was born I quickly realized I was dealing with a very different species. Even at a very young age, I could see that she was not motivated by her physical desires for food, clothing (or lack of it!) and other comforts, but would work very hard to understand how to make something move, how her own hand moved, what happened when she dropped food from her high chair, etc. In other words, I saw in her the desire to discover truth about the world. Now that she is three years old, she tells me which music she likes, tells me what type of music it is, and that "sad songs are for crying people." Even the most intelligent animal can hardly outdo a two-year-old, and my three-year-old is way ahead now, and has so much further to go to realize her full potential.

    Human beings have Sung Sang and Hyung Sang aspects, or spiritual and physical minds, and the pursuit of trueness, beauty, and goodness, are uniquely human qualities. If we want a truly human society, those values had better be the priority.
    Source URL: http://pokbongkoh.blogspot.com/2011/02/
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